1.       Gao, J., Y. Wang, P. C. Burke, S. Pan, J. Hu, P. Skinner, B. C. Matilla, M. Flora, B. Roberts, K. Knopfmeier, A. J. Clark, B. Gallo, D. Dowell, G. J. Creager, T. A. Jones, N. Yussouf, E. R. Mansell, C. K. Potvin, L. J. Wicker, and P. Heinselman, 2022: The Performance of the Warn-on-Forecast Hybrid Data Assimilation and Forecasting System During the HWT Spring Forecast Experiment in 2021, 30th Conference on Severe Local Storms. 7.5A, 24-28 October 2022, Santa Fe, NM.

2.       Y. Wang and Gao, J., 2022: A Study of the Warn-on-Forecast Hybrid Data Assimilation and Forecasting System With Respect to Spurious Cell Reduction, 30th Conference on Severe Local Storms. 102, 24-28 October 2022, Santa Fe, NM.

3.       Gao, J., Y. Wang, P. C. Burke, S. Pan, J. Hu, P. Skinner, B. C. Matilla, M. Flora, B. Roberts, K. Knopfmeier, A. J. Clark, B. Gallo, D. Dowell, G. J. Creager, T. A. Jones, N. Yussouf, E. R. Mansell, C. K. Potvin, L. J. Wicker, and P. Heinselman, 2022: Testing of the Warn-on-Forecast Hybrid Data Assimilation and Forecasting System at 1.5-km Resolution during the HWT Spring Forecasting Experiment in 2021, 12th Conference on Transition of Research to Operations. 11B.6. Jan. 2022.

4.       Clark, J. A., et al., J. Gao, 2022: The Second Virtual NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Forecasting Experiment, 12th Conference on Transition of Research to Operations. 7B.1., Jan. 2022.

5.       Gao, J., Y. Wang, P. C. Burke, S. Pan, J. Hu, P. Skinner, B. C. Matilla, M. Flora, B. Roberts, K. Knopfmeier, A. J. Clark, B. Gallo, D. Dowell, G. J. Creager, T. A. Jones, N. Yussouf, E. R. Mansell, C. K. Potvin, L. J. Wicker, and P. Heinselman, 2022: The Performance of An Experimental WoF Deterministic Data Assimilation and Forecasting System during the HWT/SFE in the past three years, a seminar for Storm Prediction Center Science Group Discussion, Feb. 2022.

6.       Gao, J., G. Zhang and J. Carlin 2021: Assimilation of Polarimetric Radar Data into Convective scale models with a Variational Data Assimilation Scheme for improving short-term severe weather forecast. CIWRO Virtual Workshop on Mesoscale and Storm Scale Meteorology, Dec. 2021.Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman.

7.       Gao, J., Y. Wang, J. Hu, S. Pan, A. Fierro, P. Skinner, B. Matilla, M. Flora, B. Roberts, K. Knopfmeier, A. Clark, B. T. Gallo, D. Dowell, G. Creager, T. Jones, T. Mansell, N. Yussouf, L. Wicker, and P. Heinselman, 2021: Testing of An Experimental Warn-on-Forecast (WoF) Hybrid Data Assimilation and Forecasting System During the HWT Spring Experiment in 2019 and 2020. 11th Conference on Transition of Research to Operations. 10.2.

8.       Hu, JF., J. Gao, C. Liu, and G. Zhang, 2021: Test of Different Transformation Functions to Hydrometeor and Water Vapor Mixing Ratios for Direct Variational Assimilation of Radar Reflectivity Data. 25th Conference on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS).

9.       Hu, JJ., A. Fierro, Y. Wang, J. Gao, A. J. Clark, I. L. Jirak, E. R. Mansell, E. P. James, and M. Hu, Assessment of storm-scale real time assimilation of GOES-16 GLM lightning-derived water vapor mass and radar data on short term precipitation forecasts during the 2020 Spring Forecast Experiment, Ninth AMS Symposium on the Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA). 13.2.

10.    Chen, H., J. Gao, Y. Wang, Y. Chen, and J. Carlin, An Indirect Method for Assimilating Dual-Pol Radar Observations to Improve Short-term Convective-scale NWP, 25th Conference on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS). 8.6.

11.    Pan, J., J. Gao and Y. Wang, 2021: Implementation of Precipitation-Dependent Background Error Profiles in a Convective Scale 3DVar System for Improving Short-term Severe Weather Forecasts. 25th Conference on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS). Paper 383511.

12.    Fierro, A. O., J. Hu, Y. Wang, J. Gao, E. R. Mansell, 2021: Evaluation of the impact of assimilating spaceborne (GLM) total lightning data and radar data on short-term severe weather forecasts in the 3DVAR framework. EGU General Assembly 2021.

13.    Gao, J., M. Du, G. Zhang, Y. Wang, P. L. Heinselman, and C. Cui, 2020: Assimilation of Dual-Pol Radar Data into a Supercell Storm with a Variational Data Assimilation Scheme, 30th Conference on WAF/26th Conference on NWP, 7A.1, 12-16, Jan., Boston, MA.

14.    Hu, J., A. Fierro, Y. Wang, J. Gao, E. R. Mansell, 2020: An Evaluation of the Impact of Assimilating GLM-Observed Total Lightning Data on Short-Term Forecasts of High-Impact Convective Events. 16th Annual Symposium on New Generation Operational Environmental Satellite Systems, 4.3, 12-16, Jan., Boston, MA.

15.    Wang, Y., J. Gao, et al., 2020: New Development of the Hybrid Data Assimilation and Forecasting System for the Warn-on-Forecast Project during the HWT Spring Experiment in 2019. 10th Conference on Transition of Research to Operations, 12.1, 12-16, Jan., Boston, MA.

16.    Wang, Y., J. Gao, P. Skinner, K. H. Knopfmeier, T. A. Jones, G. J. Creager, P. L. Heinselman, and L. J. Wicker, 2019: Test of a Hybrid Data Assimilation Scheme for the Warn-on-Forecast Project During the HWT Spring Experiments in 2018. 9th Conference on Transition of Research to Operations, 6-10, January, Atlanta, GA.

17.    Gao, J., G. Zhang and M. Du, 2019: Development of Dual-Pol Radar Forward Operator in Simulation of a Supercell Storm and possible Use in the Variational Data Assimilation Schemes, 39th International Conference on Radar Meteorology, 16-20, September, Iraka, Nara, Japan.

18.    Gao, J., Y. Yang, Y. Wang, K. H. Knopfmeier, S. Pan, P. Skinner, Q. Xu and L. J. Wicker, 2018:  Development of a Hybrid EnVar and Ensemble Kalman Filter Analysis and Forecast System for Convective Scale NWP, 29th Conference on Severe Local Storms, 22-26 October, Stowe, VT.

19.    Gao, J., Y. Yang, Y. Wang, K. H. Knopfmeier, S. Pan, P. Skinner, Q. Xu and L. J. Wicker, 2019:  Development of a Hybrid 4DEnVar and Ensemble Kalman Filter Analysis and Forecast System for Convective scale NWP (with different ensemble size), 23rd Conference on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS). 6-10, January, Atlanta, GA.

20.    Knopfmeier, K. H., P. Skinner, D. M. Wheatley, T. A. Jones, N. Yussouf, J. J. Choate, D. C. Dowell, L. J. Wicker, P. L. Heinselman, A. E. Reinhart, T. T. Ladwig, C. R. Alexander, J. Hu, S. Mallick, K. A. Wilson, J. Gao, Y. Wang, and G. J. Creager, 2018: Lessons Learned from Three Years of Real-time Experiments with the NEWS-e, 29th Conference on Severe Local Storms, 22-26 October, Stowe, VT.

21.    Wang, Y., J. Gao, P. Skinner, K. H. Knopfmeier, T. A. Jones, G. J. Creager, P. L. Heinselman, and L. J. Wicker, 2018: Test of a Hybrid Dual-Resolution Ensemble Variational Analysis and Forecast System during the HWT Spring Experiments in 2018. 29th Conference on Severe Local Storms, 22-26 October, Stowe, VT.

22.    Gao, J., and G. Zhang, 2018:  Development of Dual-Pol Radar Forward Operator in Simulation of a Supercell Storm and Possible Use in the Variational Data Assimilation Schemes, 22nd Conference on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS), January 7-11, Austin, TX.

23.    Lai, A., J. Gao, S. Koch, and Chunguang Cui, 2018: Assimilation of Pseudo Water Vapor and Radar Data for Convective-Scale NWP in a Variational Framework. 29th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting (WAF)/25th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP), Jan. 3-8, Denver, CO.

24.    Pan S., J. Gao, Y. Wang, T. A. Jones, L. Li and Xuguang Wang, 2018:  Assimilation of GOES-16 Derived Layer Precipitable Water and Radar Data Using a 3D Ensemble-Variational Hybrid Analysis Technique: Impact on Thunderstorm Forecasting. 29th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting (WAF)/25th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP), Jan. 3-8, Denver, CO.

25.    Y. Wang, J. Gao, et al., 2018: Test of a Weather-Adaptive Hybrid 3DEnVAR and WRF-DART Analysis and Forecast System During the HWT Spring Experiments in 2017, 22nd Conference on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS), January 7-11, Austin, TX.

26.    Carlin J., J. Gao, J. C. Snyder, and A. V. Ryzhkov , 2017: Assimilation of ZDR Columns for Improving the Spin-Up and Forecast of Convective Storms in Storm-Scale Models, 38th conference on radar meteorology, August 28- September 1, Chicago, IL.

27.    Gao J., Y. Wang, D. M. Wheatley, K. H. Knopfmeier, T. A. Jones, and G. Creager, P. Heinselman, L. Wicker, and J. Kain, 2017: Test of a Weather-Adaptive Hybrid 3DEnVAR and WRF-DART Analysis and Forecast System During the HWT Spring Experiments in 2017, 38th conference on radar meteorology, August 28- September 1, Chicago, IL.

28.    Fierro, A., G. Zhao, J. Gao, Y. Wang, K. Calhoun, E. Mansell, D. MacGorman, 2017:  Cloud-scale variational lightning data assimilation within WRF-ARW using GSI and NEWS3DVAR. NGGPS/MAPP Principal Investigators Meeting, August 2-3, NCWCP, College Park, MD.

29.    Gao, J., Y. Wang, D. M. Wheatley, K. H. Knopfmeier, T. A., Jones, G. Creager,  L. Wicker, J. Kain, 2017: A Realtime Weather-Adaptive Hybrid 3DVAR Analysis System with Automatic Storm Positioning and On-demand Capability. 28th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting / 24th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, January 21-26, Seattle, WA.

30.    McAward, P. B., J. Gao and G. Zhang, 2016: Analysis of the Accuracy of Radar Forward Operators in Simulation of a Supercell Storm, Abstract, 28th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., November 7-11, Portland, OR.

31.    Pan S., J. Gao, X. Wang, D. J. Stensrud, and T. Jones, 2016: Testing of a Hybrid 3DEnVar Analysis System by Assimilating Radar and Satellite Data with a Severe Convective Weather Event. The 7th EnKF Data Assimilation Workshop, abstract, State College, PA.

32.    Gao, J., 2016: Development of data assimilation schemes suitable for convective-scale NWP and NOAA’s Warn-on-Forecast (WoF) project. A Symposium on Severe Weather Research in Southern China. Sponsored by Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, and South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China, March (invited talk).

33.    Carlin, J., J. Gao, J. C. Snyder, and A. Ryzhkov, 2016: Assimilation of ZDR Columns for Improving Model Spin-up. 28th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Extended Abstract, Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Portland, OR.

34.    Gao, J., C. Fu, Y. Wang, D. Kingfield, K. Calhoun, C. Karstens, T. Smith, G. Creager, L. Wicker, J. Kain, 2016: A Realtime Weather-Adaptive Hybrid 3DVAR Analysis System with Automatic Storm Positioning and On-demand Capability, WMO WWRP 4th International Symposium on Nowcasting and Very-short-range Forecast 2016 (WSN16), abstract, Hong Kong, China.

35.    Gao, J., Y. Wang, D. Wheatley, K. Knopfmeier, G. Creager, L. Wicker, and J. Kain, 2016: Development of data assimilation schemes suitable for convective-scale NWP for NOAA’s Warn-on-Forecast project. WMO WWRP 4th International Symposium on Nowcasting and Very-short-range Forecast 2016 (WSN16), Hong Kong, China.

36.    Carlin, J., and J. C. Snyder, A. Ryzhkov, J. Gao, and A. P. Khain, 2015: Examination of Early Echoes of Developing Convective Storms. 37th Conf. on radar Meteorology, Abstract, Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Norman, OK.

37.    Gao, J., C. Fu, D. Kingfield, K. Calhoun, C. Karstens, T. M. Smith, G. Creager, L. Wicker, and J. Kain, 2015: A Realtime Weather-Adaptive Hybrid ensemble 3DVAR Analysis System with Automatic Storm Positioning and On-demand Capability. 37th Conf. on radar Meteorology, Extended abstract, Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Norman, OK.

38.    Pan S., J. Gao, X. Wang, and D. J. Stensrud, 2015: The Use of Mesocale Ensemble NWP Information in a Hybrid 3DEnVar System for Severe Convective Weather. 37th Conf. on radar Meteorology, extended Abstract, Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Norman, OK.

39.    Xu, Q., L. Wei, J. Gao, Q. Zhao, K. Nai and S. Liu, 2015: A multi-step approach for assimilating high-resolution observations into mesoscale models. 16th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, Extended Abstract, Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, MA.

40.    Gao, J., 2015: The Performance of a Weather-Adaptive 3DVAR System for Convective-scale RUA and some suggestions for future GSI-based RUA, NOAA Rapid Analysis Update and Nowcasting workshop. Boulder, Colorado, June 3-4.

41.    Gao, J., 2015: Dual-Resolution EnKF and Hybrid Ensemble 3DVAR for convective scale NWP. Warn-on-Forecast workshop on Storm-Scale Ensembles. Boulder, Colorado, July 23-24.

42.    Zhuang Z., N. Yussouf, J. Gao, D. J. Stensrud and L. J. Wicker 2014:  The ensemble analyses and forecasts of 24 May 2011 Oklahoma tornadic supercell storms using a 3DVAR data assimilation technique. Sixth Ensemble Kalman Filter Workshop. Abstract, Buffalo, New York.

43.    Gao, J., A. Clark, T. Smith and D. J. Stensrud, 2014: Multiple Doppler Analysis for 20 May 2013 tornadic supercell using a 3DVAR, Special Symposium on Severe Local Storms: The Current State of the Science and Understanding Impacts, Atlanta, George, AMS.

44.    Gao, J., A. J. Clark, T. M. Smith, and David J. Stensrud, 2014: Multiple Doppler analysis for 20 May 2013 tornadic supercell using a 3DVAR. Extended abstract, 27th Severe Local Storms conf., American Meteorological Society, Madison, Wisconsin.

45.    Gao, J., 2014: The NOAA/NSSL Warn-on-Forecast Program and Some Research on Data Assimilation Schemes Suitable for Convective NWP, NSSL-MetOffice workshop, Exeter, U. K. August (invited talk).

46.    Gao, J., 2014: Reflectivity Data Assimilation in a Convective-Scale 3DVAR & Hybrid Framework and Plans for Assimilating Dual-pol Data, NSSL-NCAS workshop, Leeds, U. K. August (invited talk).

47.    Gao, J., D. J. Stensrud, 2013: Assimilating of Reflectivity and Radial Velocity in a Unified Convective-Scale 3DVAR Framework: Idealized Thunderstorm Case. 36th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Amer. Meteor. Soc.,Amer. Meteor. Soc., Breckenridge, CO.

48.    Gao, J., J. Tang, C. Fu, D. C. Dowell, and D. J. Stensrud, 2012: 3DVAR analysis and forecast experiments for the 27 April 2011 tornado outbreak. 26th Severe Local Storms conference, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Nashville, TN.

49.    Stensrud, D. J., L. J. Wicker, E. R. Mansell, J. Gao, M. C. Coniglio, H. E. Brooks, M. Xue, D. T. Dawson II, N. Yussouf, D. M. Wheatley, T. A. Jones, R. M. Belobraydich, T. M. Smith, K. M. Kuhlman, A. Clark, and D. Dowell, 2012: Progress and Challenges with Warn-on-Forecast. 26th Severe Local Storms conference, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Nashville, TN.

50.    Stumpf, G. J., T. M. Smith, A. Anderson, D. L. Andra Jr., K. M. Calhoun, J. Gao, G. S. Garfield, D. M. Kingfield, E. Mahoney, C. D. Payne, and C. W. Siewert, 2012: The Experimental Warning Program's 2011 and 2012 Spring Experiments at the NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed26th Severe Local Storms conference, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Nashville, TN.

51.    Kuhlman, K. M., T. M. Smith, J. Gao, K. L. Manross, K. L. Ortega, G. J. Stumpf, 2012: Real-time 3DVAR analyses and forecaster evaluation during the 2011 Hazardous Weather Testbed Experimental Warning Program. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 16th IOAS-AOLS, New Orleans, LA, USA, AMS, 3.6.

52.    Kuhlman, K. M., T. M. Smith, J. Gao, K. L. Manross, K. L. Ortega, G. J. Stumpf, 2012: Real-time 3DVAR analyses and forecaster evaluation during the 2011 Hazardous Weather Testbed Experimental Warning Program, 16th IOAS-AOLS, New Orleans, LA, USA, AMS, 3.6.

53.    Gao, J., 2012: Development of a hybrid EnKF-3DVAR algorithm for storm-scale data assimilation, Chinese National Meteorological Center, and Institute of Chinese Meteorological Sciences. Beijing. P. R. China. July (invited talk).

54.    Gao, J., 2012: On the Analysis and Assimilation of Radar Data Using three-dimensional Variational Method, Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau, Shenzhen, P. R. China. July (invited talk).

55.    Gao, J., D. J. Stensrud, T. M. Smith, K. Manross, J. Brogden, and K. M. Kulman, 2011: The Application of a Realtime Weather-Adaptive 3DVAR Analysis System for Severe Weather Detections and Warnings with Automatic Storm Positioning Capability, 35th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Pittsburgh, PA.

56.    Gasperoni, N., M. Xue, R. D. Palmer, J. Gao, B. L. Cheong, and D. S. Michaud, 2011: Impact of assimilating refractivity measurements from a network of S-band and X-band radars on the forecast of convective initiation using the ARPS 3DVAR system. 15th IOAS-AOLS onf, Amer. Meteor. Soc.

57.    Xue, M., F. Kong, K. W. Thomas, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, J. Gao, X. Wang, S. J. Weiss, A. J. Clark, J. S. Kain, M. C. Coniglio, J. Du, T. L. Jensen, and Y. H. Kuo, 2011: CAPS Realtime Storm Scale Ensemble and High Resolution Forecasts for the NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed 2010 Spring Experiment. 24th Conf. Wea. Forecasting/20th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 9A.2.

58.    Kong, F., M. Xue, K. W. Thomas, Y. Wang, K. A. Brewster, X. Wang, J. Gao, S. J. Weiss, A. J. Clark, J. S. Kain, M. C. Coniglio, and J. Du, 2011: CAPS Multi-Model Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecast for the NOAA HWT 2010 Spring Experiment. 24th Conf. Wea. Forecasting/20th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 457.

59.    Gao, J., K. Brewster, M. Xue, J. Brotzge, K. Thomas and Y. Wang, 2010: Real-time, Low-level Wind Analysis including CASA and WSR-88D Radar Data using the ARPS 3DVAR. 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 7B.4.

60.    Gao, J., M. Xue, and D.J. Stensrud, 2010: The Development of a Hybrid 3DVAR-EnKF Algorithm for Storm-scale Assimilation. 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper P7.4.

61.    Gao, J., C. Fu, Z. Li, C. Ye, L. Xu and M. Xue, 2010: Three-dimensional Analyses of Several Thunderstorm Cases Observed using Hunan's Regional Radar Network. 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper P7.2.

62.    Gao, J., 2010: On the Analysis and Assimilation of Radar Data Using Variational, EnKF and Hybrid VAR-EnKF Methods. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona. April 22. (invited talk).

63.    Gao, J., 2010: The Development of a Hybrid 3dvar-EnKF Algorithm for Stormscale Data Assimilation. 4th EnKF workshop, Rensselaerville, New York, April 6-8.

64.    Brewster, K. A., K. W. Thomas, J. Gao, J. Brotzge, M. Xue, and Y. Wang, 2010: A Nowcasting System Using Full Physics Numerical Weather Prediction Initialized with CASA and NEXRAD Radar Data. 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 9.4.

65.    Clark, A. J., M. Xue, F. Kong, K. Thomas, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, J. Gao, K.K. Droegemeier, J. S. Kain, S.J. Weiss, D. Bright, M.C. Coniglio and J. Du, 2010: Probabilistic precipitation forecast skill as a function of ensemble size and spatial scale ina convection-allowing ensemble. 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 12B.4.

66.    Kong, F., M. Xue, K. W. Thomas, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, X. Wang, J. Gao, S. J. Weiss, A. Clark, J. S. Kain, M. C. Coniglio, and J. Du, 2010: Evaluation of CAPS multi-model storm-scale ensemble forecast for the NOAA HWT 2010 Spring Experiment. 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper P4.18

67.    Xue, M., F. Kong, K. W. Thomas, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, J. Gao, X. Wang, S. Weiss, A. Clark, J. Kain, M. Coniglio, J. Du, T. Jensen, and Y.-H. Kuo, 2010: CAPS Realtime Storm Scale Ensemble and High Resolution Forecasts for the NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed 2010 Spring Experiment. 25th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 7B.3.

68.    Vivek, M., J. Brotzge, J. Gao, K. Brewster, and M. Xue, 2010: Multi-Doppler and polarimetric analysis of tornado and rear-inflow jet. 26th Conf. Interactive Information and Processing Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology.

69.    Potvin C. K., A. M. Shapiro and J. Gao, 2010: Dual-Doppler wind analysis of convective storms using the vertical vorticity equation. 26th Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology, Atlanta, GA., Online publication.

70.    Potvin C. K., A. M. Shapiro and J. Gao, 2010: Evaluation of the Vortex Detection and Characterization (VDAC) technique using multiple-Doppler observations of intense vortices . 26th Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology, Atlanta, GA., Online publication (in pdf).

71.    Gao, J., D. J. Stensrud, and M. Xue 2009: Three-dimensional Analyses of Several Thunderstorms observed during VORTEX2 field operations. 34th Conference on Radar Meteorology, Willimsburg, VA., Online publication.

72.    Potvin C. K., A. M. Shapiro and J. Gao, 2009: Evaluation of a multiple-Doppler vortex detection and characterization technique using real radar observations. 34th Conference on Radar Meteorology, Willimsburg, VA., Online publication.

73.    Brotzge, J, V. Mahale, K. Brewster, J. Gao, K. Hondl, K. W. Thomas, and M. Xue, 2009: A comparison of CASA and NEXRAD data from supercells observed 10 February 2009. 34th Conference on Radar Meteorology, Willimsburg, VA., Online publication.

74.    Ge G., J. Gao, K. A. Brewster, and M. Xue 2009: Effects of beam broadening and earth curvature in radar data assimilation. 23nd Conf. Wea. Anal. Forecasting/19th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Omaha, NB, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Online publication.

75.    Gao, J., G. Ge, D. J. Stensrud, and M. Xue 2009: The relative importance of assimilating radial velocity and reflectivity data to storm-scale analysis and forecast. 23nd Conf. Wea. Anal. Forecasting/19th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Omaha, NB, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 16A.3.

76.    Gao, J., J. A. Brotzge, Y. Wang, K. W. Thomas, K. Brewster, M. Xue, V. Chandrasekar, Y. Wang, B. D. Phillips, and M. Zink, 2009: High Temporal and Spatial Resolution 2D Wind Analysis of CASA and WSR-88D Radar Data using the ARPS 3DVAR. Preprint, 13th Conf. IOAS-AOLS, Phoenix, AZ., Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 6.4.

77.    Gao, J., 2009: On the Analysis and Assimilation of Radar Data Using Variational, EnKF and Hybrid VAR/EnKF Methods, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing, P. R. China. December (invited talk).

78.    Gao, J., 2009: Current Status of Radar Data Assimilation, Some Challenges and Suggestions, Chinese National Meteorological Center, and Institute of Chinese Meteorological Sciences. Beijing. P. R. China. December (invited talk).

79.    Gao, J., 2009: Low-level Realtime Wind Analysis of CASA and WSR-88D Radar Data using the ARPS 3DVAR, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, May.

80.    Xue, M., F. Kong, K. W. Thomas, J. Gao, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, K. K. Droegemeier, X. Wang, J. Kain, S. Weiss, D. Bright, M. Coniglio, and J. Du, 2009: CAPS realtime multi-model convection-allowing ensemble and 1-km convection-resolving forecasts for the NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed 2009 Spring Experiment. 23nd Conf. Wea. Anal. Forecasting/19th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Omaha, NB, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 16A.2.

81.    Kong, F. M. Xue, K. W. Thomas, J. Gao, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, K. K. Droegemeier, J. Kain, S. Weiss, D. Bright, M. Coniglio, and J. Du, 2009: A realtime storm-scale ensemble forecast system: 2009 spring experiment. 23nd Conf. Wea. Anal. Forecasting/19th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Omaha, NB, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Paper 16A.3.

82.    Gao J., D. J. Stensrud and M. Xue, 2008: Importance of Environmental Variability to Storm-scale Radar Data Assimilation. 24th Conference on Severe Local Storms, AMS, Savannah, GA, AMS, (online publication).

83.    Gao, J., 2008: On the Assimilation of Radar Data Using Variational, EnKF and Hybrid VAR-EnKF Methods. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Pasadena, California. June (invited talk).

84.    Shapiro A., C. K. Potvin and J. Gao, 2008: Dual-Doppler wind analysis of convective storms using the vertical vorticity equation. 24th Conference on Severe Local Storms, AMS, Savannah, GA, AMS, (online publication).

85.    Schenkman, A. D., M. Xue, A. Shapiro, K. Brewster, and J. Gao, 2008: Analysis of MCV Tornadoes through Storm-scale Data Assimilation and Simulations. 24th Conference on Severe Local Storms, AMS, Savannah, GA, AMS, (online publication).

86.    Xue, M., F. Kong, K. Thomas, J. Gao, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, K. Droegemeier, J. S. Kain, S. J. Weiss, D. Bright, M. C. Coniglio, and J. Du, 2008: CAPS Realtime Storm-scale Ensemble and High-resolution Forecasts as Part of the NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed 2008 Spring Experiment. 24th Conference on Severe Local Storms, AMS, Savannah, GA, AMS, (online publication).

87.    Kong, F., M. Xue, Kevin W. Thomas, K. K. Droegemeier, Y. Wang, K. Brewster, J. Gao, J. Kain, S. J. Weiss, D. Bright, M. C. Coniglio, and J. Du, 2008: Real-Time Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecast 2008 Spring Experiment. 24th Conference on Severe Local Storms, AMS, Savannah, GA, AMS, (online publication).

88.     Gao, J., K. Brewster, Y. Wang, K. W. Thomas, J. Brotzge, and M. Xue, 2008: High-resolution three-dimensional wind analysis of CASA IP-1 and WSR-88D radar data using the ARPS 3DVAR, 12th Conference on IOAS-AOLS, AMS, New Orleans, LA (online).

89.    Gao, J., 2008: On the Analysis and Assimilation of Radar Data Using Variational, EnKF and Hybrid VAR-EnKF Methods. School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma. March (invited talk).

90.    Natenberg, E., and J. Gao, 2008: Mutiple-Doppler radar analysis of a tornadic thunderstorm using a 3D variational data assimilation technique and ARPS model, 12th Conference on IOAS-AOLS, AMS, New Orleans, LA (online).

91.    Schenkman, A. D., and A. M. Shapiro, K. Brewster, M. Xue, J. Gao, and N. Snook, 2008: High resolution assimilation of CASA radar data from a tornadic convective system,  12th Conference on IOAS-AOLS, AMS, New Orleans, LA (online).

92.    Gao, J., G. Ge, M. Xue and K. K. Droegemeier, 2007: Assimilation of CASA and WSR-88D radar data via 3DVAR to improve short term convective weather forecasting, 33nd Conference on Radar Meteorology, Caims, Australia, CDROM P4.8.

93.    Potvin, C. K., A. M. Shapiro, T. Y. Yu, J. Gao, and M. Xue, 2007: Using a low-order model to detect and characterize tornadoes in multiple-Doppler radar data, 33nd Conference on Radar Meteorology, Caims, Australia, CDROM P13A.13.

94.    Gao, J., and M. Xue, 2007: The issue of data density and frequency with EnKF radar data assimilation in a compressible nonhydrostatic NWP model, 22nd Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting/18th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, on-line publication, P1.44.

95.    Ge, G., and J. Gao, 2007: Latest development of 3DVAR system for ARPS and its application to a tornadic supercell storm, 22nd Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting/18th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, on-line publication, 2B.6.

96.    Gao, J., and M. Xue, 2006: An efficient dual-resolution ensemble data assimilation approach and tests with the assimilation of Doppler radar data, 10th Symposium on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS), CDROM 2.6.

97.    Gao, J., 2006: On the Assimilation of Radar Data into NWP models using ARPS 3DVAR data assimilation system. Chinese Atmospheric Surveillance Technology Center, Chinese Meteorological Administration. Beijing. December. 

98.    Gao, J., 2006: On the Assimilation of Radar Data into NWP models using ARPS 3DVAR data assimilation system. Chinese Atmospheric Surveillance Technology Center, Chinese Meteorological Administration. Beijing. December.

99.    Gao, J., C. Nuttall, C. Gilreath, M. Xue, K. Brewster, and K. Droegemeier, 2005: Multiple Doppler wind analysis and assimilation via 3DVAR using simulated observations of the planned CASA network and WSR-88D radars, 11th conf. on mesoscale processes and 32nd Conference on Radar Meteorology, CDROM J1J.4.

100. Gao, J., K. Brewster, and M. Xue, 2005: Differences between explicit and approximated radar ray paths due to vertical gradient of refractivity, 11th conf. on mesoscale processes and 32nd Conference on Radar Meteorology, CDROM JP1J.14. 

101. Ge, G., J. Gao and K. K. Droegemeier 2005: The impact of different data fields on storm-scale data assimilation 11th conf. on mesoscale processes and 32nd Conference on Radar Meteorology, Different Data Fields on Storm-Scale Data Assimilation. 11th conf. on mesoscale processes. CDROM JP1J.3.

102. Liu, S., M. Xue, J. Gao, and D. Parrish, 2005: Analysis and impact of super-obbed Doppler radial velocity in the NCEP grid-point statistical interpolation (GSI) analysis system. Extended abstract, 17th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Washington DC, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 13A.4.

103. Zhou, Y., J. Gao, K. Brewster, M. Hu, and M. Xue, 2005: Combining phase error correction and 3DVAR in storm-scale data assimilation. Extended Abstract, 17th Conf. Num. Wea. Pred., Washington DC, Amer. Meteor. Soc. P1.75.

104. Brewster, K., M. Hu, M. Xue, and J. Gao, 2005: Efficient assimilation of radar data at high resolution for short-range numerical weather prediction. WWRP International Symposium on Nowcasting and Very Short range Forecasting, CDROM 3.06.

105. Gao, J., M. Xue, S. Y. Lee, K. K. Droegemeier and A. Shapiro, 2004: A 3DVAR method for single-Doppler velocity retrieval with severe thunderstorms, reprints, 3rd international ocean-atmosphere conf (COAA 2004), 27-30 June, Beijing, China.

106. Hu, M., M. Xue, J. Gao, and K. Brewster, 2004: Prediction of Fort Worth tornadic thunderstorms using 3DVAR and cloud analysis with WSR-88D Level-II data. 11th Conf. Aviation, Range, Aerospace and 22nd Conf. Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CDROM, J1.2.

107. Xiao, Y., M. Xue, and J. Gao, 2004: Development of adjoint for a complex atmospheric model, the ARPS, using TAF. Extended abstract, 4th Int. Conf. Automatic Differentiation, Chicago.

108. Gao, J., K. K. Droegemeier, J. Gong and Q. Xu 2003: A wind profile retrieval method from azimuthal gradients of radial velocity, Preprints, 31th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Amer. Meteorol. Society. 339-342.

109. Brewster K., A. Shapiro, J. Gao, E. M. Kemp, P. Robinson, and K. Thomas 2003: Assimilation of radar data for the detection of aviation weather hazards, Preprints, 31 Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Amer. Meteorol. Society. 339-342.

110. Gao, J., M. Xue, K. Brewster, and K. K. Droegemeier 2003: A 3DVAR method for Doppler radar wind analysis with using recursive filter, Preprints, 31th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Amer. Meteorol. Society. 339-342.

111. Gao, J., M. Xue, K. Brewster, F. Carr, and K. K. Droegemeier 2002: New developments of a 3DVAR system for a nonhydrostatic NWP model, Preprints, 15th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction, 12-16 August, Amer. Meteorol. Society. 339-342.

112. Janish, J. M., K. K. Droegemeier, and J. Gao, 2002: Relationship between baroclinically-generated horizontal vorticity and mesocyclone intensity as revealed by simple adjoint wind retrievals using WSR-88D data, Preprints, 21th Conference on On Severe Local Storms, 12-16 August, American Meteorology Society. 154-157.

113. Ren D., M. Xue, and J. Gao, 2002: Parameter retrieval in a Land-surface model, Preprints, 15th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction, 12-16 August, Amer. Meteorol. Society. 339-342.

114. Gao, J., M. Xue, K. K. Droegemeier, and A. Shapiro, 2001: A variational method for single-Doppler velocity Retrieval applied to a supercell storm case, Preprints, 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology, 19-25 July 2001, American Meteorology Society.

115. Gao, J., M. Xue, K. Brewster, F. Carr, and K. K. Droegemeier 2001: A three-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme for storm-scale model, Preprints, 14th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, 30 July - 2 August 2001, American Meteorology Society. J72-J74.

116.  Wu, W.-S., R.J. Purser, M. McAtee, J. Gao, M. Xue, D. Devenyi, J. Derber. D. Barker, S. Benjamin, R. Aune, 2001: The WRF 3D-Var analysis system, 14th Conf. on Num. Wea. Pred., 30 July-2 August 2001.

117. Gao, J., M. Xue, A. Shapiro, Q. Xu, and K. K. Droegemeier 1999: Simple adjoint retrievals using WSR-88D radar data, Preprints, 8th Conference on Mesoscale Processes, Boulder, Colorado, Amer. Meteor. Soc., June, 28-30.

118. Gao, J., M. Xue, A. Shapiro, and K. K. Droegemeier 1999: 3D variational wind retrievals from single-Doppler radar, Preprints, 29th International Conference on Radar Meteorology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 30-32.

119. Xue, M., J. Gao and S. Weygandt, 1999: Single-Doppler velocity retrievals and their applications, Extended abstract, Workshop on Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction and its Applications, Japan Meteor. Agency., Tokyo.

120. Shapiro, A., P. Robinson, C. Levert, and J. Gao, 1999: Single-Doppler velocity retrieval experiments with a simple 4DVAR technique, Preprints, 29th International Conference on Radar Meteorology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 33-36.

121. Gao, J., S. S. Weygandt, M., Xue, A. Shapiro, Q. Xu and K. K. Droegemeier, 1998: Application of a simple adjoint wind retrieval to a tornadic supercell storm, 19th conf. On Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Minneapolis, Minnesota, Sept., 356-358.

122. Gao, J., M. Xue, A. Shapiro and K. K. Droegemeier, 1998: A 3D variational storm-scale wind analysis from dual-Doppler radar, Preprints, 19th conf. on Severe Local Storms, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Minneapolis, Minnesota, 768-771.

123. Gao, J., M. Xue, Z. Wang and K. K. Droegemeier, 1998: The initial condition and explicit prediction of convection using ARPS forward assimilation and adjoint methods with WSR-88D data, Preprints, 12th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, American Meteorol. Society, Phoenix, Arizona, Jan. 11-16.

124. Shapiro, A., et. al and J. Gao, 1996: Single-Doppler velocity retrievals with hailstorm data from the North Dakota thunderstorm project, Preprints, 18th Conf. On Severe Local Storms, American Meteorol. Society, Boston.

125. Gao, J., 1994: The study on four-dimensional assimilation method of satellite altimetry and numerical experiments on retrieving the dynamic height using eddy-resolving ocean circulation model. (in Chinese), Dissertation, Lanzhou University.

126. Gao, J., and J. Chou, 1993: Retrieving the model unknown parameters or forcing terms simultaneously during the four-dimensional variational data assimilation, Abstracts, Second Conference on Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation of China, Jiangsu, China.